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Caries is a lesion of hard dental tissues with the formation of cavity defects. First the enamel is destroyed, then the dentin, pulp, periosteum and bone. It is the most common dental disease in the world and the main cause of tooth loss. Comprehensive prevention of dental caries increases the resistance of the enamel layer to various cariesogenic factors, prevents the destruction of tooth structures.

The leading cause of the carious process is the vital activity of oral bacteria. The normal microflora of the mouth is made up of many microorganisms. Among them there is a group of cariesogenic bacteria that negatively affect the enamel. In the absence of factors that weaken the body's defense response, the number of opportunistic microorganisms does not exceed the norm and the disease does not develop. But if the bacteria become too much, the organic acid that they produce begins to gradually dissolve areas of the enamel lay…

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Having finished treatment, we leave the dentist's office with a sense of relief. Then the effect of local anesthesia ends and it is found that the tooth hurts after the filling. There is no reason to panic and immediately make an appointment. Pain is a natural reaction to medical intervention:

This kind of painful sensations pass on their own, within a period of up to 2 weeks. The main feature: unpleasant sensations gradually subside, come to naught. اقرأ المزيد

Cracked teeth can be tiny and unnoticeable, or they can be glaring and cause a lot of discomfort. But even microcracks require attention. The fact is that the environment in the oral cavity is aggressive, there are constant chemical reactions, temperature changes, teeth are subjected to mechanical impact. Small cracks can turn into a major problem. Through enamel damage, pigments stain the dentin and the teeth acquire different shades, each one - its own. As the crack deepens, it can reach the dentin, provoking tooth hypersensitivity. And if the fracture deepens and touches the pulp, complications such as pulpitis, abscess and even tissue necrosis develop.

The American Association of Endodontists distinguishes the following groups of cracks[1]:

Often discovered incidentally during regular visits to the dentist. Treatment has the most favorable prognosis. Some microcracks, such as those that occur afte…

We use the expression "gnashing our teeth" most often in a figurative sense when describing rage. However, for some people it is a real problem that causes a lot of trouble. It's called bruxism. Bruxism in adults is uncontrolled grinding of teeth. It occurs due to spasm of the masticatory muscles. The jaws clench and rub against each other. A distinction is made between daytime and nighttime bruxism. With age, its incidence decreases. Nevertheless, nighttime teeth grinding occurs in about 13% of adults and 22% of adults during the day [1]

Distinguished:

In dentistry, there is no consensus on this issue. They distinguish not separate causes of bruxism, but entire groups:

Hyperesthesia or hypersensitivity of the teeth is pain that occurs in response to temperature, chemical, tactile stimuli. Characteristics:

Hyperesthesia is caused by thinning enamel. The dentin underneath is no longer protected and responds to irritation. Another cause may be gingival recession. In this case, the root is exposed and reacts.

In Russia, hypersensitivity affects 62% of the population [1]. The problem mainly occurs between the ages of 30 and 60.

Dentistry identifies several factors that affect the increase in sensitivity:

This can be caused by functional disorders (bruxism) or physical impact (chewing nuts, breadcrumbs, hard candies)

Horizontal movements during brushing can lead to a serious problem s…

Everyone's teeth wear down as they age. Hard tissue is lost due to friction between surfaces and food. In most cases, this process is uniform, takes a long time and does not affect chewing function. It is a natural (physiological) loss of hard tissue. But sometimes the loss of enamel and dentin (the layer beneath the enamel) is so intense that they talk about pathological erasability of teeth (abrasion). This process leads to physiological disorders and affects all aspects of life.

At first, the disease is asymptomatic, so it is diagnosed in a neglected state. When the tooth enamel erodes and dentin becomes involved, patients begin to complain of hypersensitivity. Teeth react to temperature (hot, cold), chemical (sour, sweet), mechanical (touch of toothbrush) stimuli, causing inconvenience in everyday life.

Destruction of dentin leads to root inflammation (periodontitis), bone atrophy.

Gradually the height of the face decrease…

Visited the dentist, had your teeth treated and after a while it started bothering you again? The cause may be secondary caries under the filling of the tooth. The situation is unpleasant, but quite common. Unfortunately, for a long time the carious process is asymptomatic. Patients begin to notice that the filling has changed color, broke off, the tooth began to react to temperature stimuli, when the disease has developed to a deep stage.

The main cause is the same as in primary caries: the penetration of bacteria through the protective barrier. This barrier in the treated tooth is the filling. As soon as its integrity is compromised, problems arise. Bacteria are able to penetrate a microcavity 50 microns wide. They begin to multiply, eating away at the hard tissue.

Factors provoking secondary tooth decay:

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Caries is a non-infectious disease. It is characterized by the leaching of minerals from the hard tissues of the tooth and the formation of carious cavities. The initial degree is caries in the stain stage. At this stage, the disease can be treated with therapeutic methods, without a drill.

Unfortunately, the only sign of chalky caries is a spot on the enamel. It does not give painful sensations, only occasionally it can react to chemical irritants. There are no definite symptoms. It is difficult to see it, especially on the side teeth. Therefore, the initial caries in the stain stage often goes unnoticed. The doctor is consulted when the disease reaches the stage of medium or deep decay, involving the dentin and cementum of the tooth.

That's why, it's important to visit the dentist regularly. The doctor will not just see a chalky stain,…

Wisdom tooth is the 8th tooth in a row (eight) or 3rd molar, its eruption period is 17-25 years. It is a large molar, more often with a complex root system. Features of its development and growth in most cases become the cause of various dental problems. Although the structure of the eight is characterized as an ordinary molar, its chewing function is practically absent. If the wisdom tooth hurts, it is rarely saved. The eight is destroyed early, often erupts already with carious lesions, grows at an incline or in a horizontal position.

Eights erupt much later than all the other teeth in the row, when the dentoalveolar apparatus is fully formed, and there is simply not enough room for the newcomer. Because of the density of the gum and bone tissue, eruption is quite painful, accompanied by inflammation of the gum, damage to neighboring units. Pain during the growth of the wisdom tooth is quite sp…

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The viability of the tooth, in particular its sensitivity, provides the neurovascular bundle (pulp). Removal of the pulp (depulpation) is a forced measure, which is resorted to for serious indications (pulpitis, root cysts, damage to the pulp chamber due to trauma, etc.). Painful discomfort for several days after depulping is a normal reaction of tissues to the intervention. But if the tooth hurts after nerve removal and canal filling 2-3 weeks later, or if the pain occurs sharply long after endodontic treatment - this is a serious reason to consult a dentist.

Even treated teeth should be examined every year to diagnose or rule out complications at an early stage. A depulped tooth doesn't hurt, but it's like a ticking time bomb. Poor treatment of canals can provoke complications that destroy the jawbone, cause purulent processes (cysts, abscesses), lif…